Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov twj tso kua mis yog raws li hauv qab no.
(1) Ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj
Hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg, lub twj tso kua mis tsis tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom, tab sis kuj tseem muab cov txheej txheem nrog cov khoom tsim nyog kom sib npaug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj.Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas qhov ntsuas qhov ntau lawm tseem tsis hloov, qhov ntws thiab lub taub hau ntawm lub twj tso kua mis yuav tsum ruaj khov.Thaum cov khoom hloov pauv vim qee yam, qhov ntws thiab qhov hluav taws xob siab ntawm lub twj tso kua mis kuj tuaj yeem hloov raws li, thiab lub twj tso kua mis muaj kev ua haujlwm siab.
(2) Corrosion kuj
Qhov nruab nrab xa los ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj, suav nrog cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom nruab nrab, feem ntau yog corrosive.Yog tias cov khoom ntawm lub twj tso kua mis raug xaiv tsis raug, cov khoom yuav raug corroded thiab siv tsis tau thaum lub twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm, thiab lub twj tso kua mis tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Rau qee qhov kev tshaj tawm ua kua, yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv hlau uas tsim nyog, cov khoom siv tsis yog xim hlau tuaj yeem siv tau, xws li cov twj tso kua mis ceramic, lub twj tso kua mis yas, roj hmab lined twj, thiab lwm yam. Cov yas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua li cov ntaub ntawv hlau.
Thaum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xav txog tsis tsuas yog nws cov corrosion kuj, tab sis kuj nws cov khoom siv, machinability thiab nqi.
(3) Qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam
Kev kub siab nruab nrab kho los ntawm cov tshuaj twj tso kua mis tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov txheej txheem ua kua thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Cov txheej txheem kua yog hais txog cov kua siv hauv kev ua thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj.Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kub yog hais txog cov kua nruab nrab uas nqa cov cua sov.Cov kua nruab nrab no, nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog kaw, yog circulated los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub twj tso kua mis, rhuab los ntawm lub cua sov rauv kom nce qhov kub ntawm cov kua nruab nrab, thiab ces circulated mus rau lub pej thuam kom indirectly muab cua sov rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Dej, roj diesel, roj crude, molten hlau lead, mercury, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Qhov kub ntawm qhov kub-kub nruab nrab kho los ntawm tshuaj twj tso kua mis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 900 ℃.
Kuj tseem muaj ntau hom cryogenic media uas siv los ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj, xws li kua oxygen, kua nitrogen, kua argon, kua natural gas, kua hydrogen, methane, ethylene, thiab lwm yam. Qhov kub ntawm cov xov xwm no yog tsawg heev, piv txwv li Qhov kub ntawm cov pa oxygen pumped yog li -183 ℃.
Raws li lub twj tso kua mis tshuaj siv los thauj cov xov xwm kub thiab kub qis, nws cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm chav tsev kub, qhov chaw kub thiab qhov kawg ntawm kev xa khoom.Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub twj tso kua mis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov thermal shock thiab qhov ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv thermal expansion thiab txias brittleness txaus ntshai.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kub siab, lub twj tso kua mis yuav tsum tau nruab nrog ib tug centerline bracket los xyuas kom meej tias cov axis kab ntawm prime mover thiab lub twj tso kua mis yog ib txwm concentric.
Cov ncej nruab nrab thiab cov ntaub thaiv cua sov yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm cov twj tso kua mis kub thiab kub qis.
Txhawm rau txo qhov kub poob, lossis tiv thaiv lub cev lub cev ntawm cov khoom thauj nruab nrab los ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab qhov kub poob ntau (xws li cov viscosity yuav nce ntxiv yog tias cov roj hnyav thauj khoom tsis muaj kev txuag hluav taws xob), ib txheej insulating yuav tsum yog. teem sab nraum lub twj tso kua mis.
Cov kua nruab nrab xa los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis cryogenic feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev saturated.Thaum nws nqus cov cua sov sab nraud, nws yuav vaporize sai, ua rau lub twj tso kua mis tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm li qub.Qhov no yuav tsum tau ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub qis ntawm lub plhaub twj tso kua mis cryogenic.Expanded perlite feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis.
(4) Hnav tsis kam
Kev hnav ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm hauv cov kua dej ceev ceev.Kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj feem ntau aggravate qhov nruab nrab corrosion.Vim tias qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm ntau cov hlau thiab alloys nyob ntawm cov zaj duab xis passivation ntawm qhov chaw, thaum cov zaj duab xis passivation raug hnav, cov hlau yuav nyob rau hauv lub xeev activated, thiab corrosion yuav deteriorate sai.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj: ib qho yog siv cov khoom siv tawv tshwj xeeb, feem ntau nkim hlau, xws li silicon cam khwb cia hlau;Lwm qhov yog los npog sab hauv ntawm lub twj tso kua mis thiab lub impeller nrog cov roj hmab hauv ob sab phlu.Piv txwv li, rau cov twj siv tshuaj uas muaj cov abrasiveness siab, xws li alum ore slurry siv los thauj cov poov tshuaj chiv raw cov ntaub ntawv, manganese steel thiab ceramic hauv ob sab phlu tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv twj tso kua mis.
Raws li cov qauv, qhib impeller tuaj yeem siv los thauj cov kua abrasive.Lub plhaub twj tso kua mis du thiab impeller ntws dhau kuj zoo rau kev hnav tsis kam ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj.
(5) Tsis muaj los yog me ntsis to
Feem ntau ntawm cov kua xov xwm thauj los ntawm cov twj siv tshuaj yog cov nplaim taws, tawg thiab lom;Qee qhov xov xwm muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.Yog tias cov khoom nruab nrab no nkag mus rau hauv huab cua los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws lossis cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig kev noj qab haus huv thiab ua rau tib neeg lub cev raug mob.Qee cov xov xwm kim heev, thiab cov dej xau yuav ua rau cov khib nyiab loj heev.Yog li ntawd, cov twj siv tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj los yog tsawg dua, uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm lub tog raj kheej ntawm lub twj tso kua mis.Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv zoo sealing thiab tsim nyog cov txheej txheem sealing kom txo tau cov dej ntws ntawm cov ncej foob;Yog tias lub twj tso kua mis shielded thiab sib nqus tsav lub twj tso kua mis raug xaiv, lub foob foob yuav tsis xau mus rau qhov chaw.
(6) Txhim khu kev ua haujlwm
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov twj tso kua mis yog txhim khu kev qha, suav nrog ob yam: lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm ntau yam tsis muaj.Kev ua haujlwm ntseeg tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim tshuaj.Yog tias lub twj tso kua mis feem ntau tsis ua haujlwm, nws yuav tsis tsuas yog ua rau tsis tu ncua, cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, tab sis kuj qee zaum ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv tshuaj.Piv txwv li, lub raj xa dej nyoos roj twj siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nres dheev thaum nws khiav, thiab lub qhov cub cua sov tsis muaj sij hawm tua, uas yuav ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob kub dhau, lossis tawg, ua rau hluav taws kub.
Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub twj tso kua mis ceev rau kev lag luam tshuaj yuav ua rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov dej ntws thiab lub twj tso kua mis lub zog, yog li cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv lub cev raug cuam tshuam, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem sib npaug, ua rau cov khoom pov tseg;Txawm ua rau cov khoom lag luam poob qis los yog seem.
Rau lub Hoobkas yuav tsum tau kho dua ib xyoos ib zaug, lub voj voog ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm lub twj tso kua mis feem ntau yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 8000h.Txhawm rau kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab txhua peb xyoos, API 610 thiab GB / T 3215 qhia tias lub voj voog ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov twj centrifugal rau roj av, cov tshuaj hnyav thiab kev lag luam roj av yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg peb xyoos.
(7) Muaj peev xwm ntawm kev xa cov kua hauv lub xeev tseem ceeb
Cov kua nyob rau hauv lub xeev tseem ceeb yuav vaporize thaum kub nce los yog lub siab txo.Cov twj siv tshuaj qee zaum thauj cov kua hauv lub xeev tseem ceeb.Thaum cov kua vaporizes nyob rau hauv lub twj tso kua mis, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua cavitation puas, uas yuav tsum tau lub twj tso kua mis kom muaj ib tug siab anti cavitation kev ua tau zoo.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vaporization ntawm cov kua yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm qhov chaw dynamic thiab zoo li qub nyob rau hauv lub twj tso kua mis, uas yuav tsum muaj kev tshem tawm loj dua.Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv foob, ntim cov foob, labyrinth foob, thiab lwm yam vim muaj kev sib txhuam qhuav vim vaporization ntawm cov kua, cov twj siv tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj cov qauv ua kom tag nrho cov pa tawm hauv lub twj tso kua mis.
Rau cov twj xa khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua nruab nrab, lub plhaub ntim ntim tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom siv nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tus kheej, xws li PTFE, graphite, thiab lwm yam. kuj siv tau.Thaum muab ob npaug rau qhov kawg tshuab foob tau txais, cov kab noj hniav ntawm ob lub ntsej muag kawg tau ntim nrog cov kua nplaum txawv teb chaws;Thaum lub labyrinth foob raug saws, sealing gas nrog qee qhov siab tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm sab nraud.Thaum lub sealing kua los yog sealing gas ntws mus rau hauv lub twj tso kua mis, nws yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub twj tso kua mis nruab nrab, xws li xau mus rau hauv cov huab cua.Piv txwv li, methanol tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kua sealing hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm ob lub ntsej muag tshuab foob thaum thauj cov kua ammonia hauv lub xeev tseem ceeb;
Nitrogen tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub labyrinth foob thaum thauj cov kua hydrocarbons uas yooj yim rau vaporize.
(8) Lub neej ntev
Lub neej tsim ntawm lub twj tso kua mis feem ntau yog tsawg kawg 10 xyoo.Raws li API610 thiab GB / T3215, kev tsim lub neej ntawm cov twj tso kua mis centrifugal rau roj av, kev lag luam tshuaj hnyav thiab roj av yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 20 xyoo.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-27-2022